Xcode
Project
An project is a repository for all the files, resources, and information required to build one or more software products.
Target
A target specifies a product to build and contains the instructions for building the product from a set of files in a project or workspace.
you ship targets. Your end products are targets.
Many targets can belong to a single projet
Scheme
An Xcode scheme defines a collection of targets to build, a configuration to use when building, and a collection of tests to execute.