Ruby
Everything in Ruby is an object, and therefore has a class that it's derived from.
Object Types in Ruby
Specifying what type any particular object is in Ruby is a bit of a wobbly concept. Since Ruby takes a duck typing approach, it's not so important what object it is, but rather what it can do.
Therefore, it's not common in Ruby-land to want to check the type of a particular object. Instead, it makes more sense to test its ability to respond to certain methods with object.respond_to?(:to_s).
Data types
- Numbers
- Boolean
- Strings
- Hashes
- Arrays
- Symbols
We can verify what type the object is with response.instance_of?(Array)
Loose syntax rules of Ruby
Ruby allows you to omit parenthesis () and in some cases curly braces {}, sometimes making the code harder to read:
# the following
has_many :models, dependent: :destroy
# is identical to:
has_many(:models, { dependent: :destroy } )
# has_many takes in 2 args; a symbol and a hashmap
Built-in variables
__FILE__- name of the current file$0- name of the file that was originally executed
Ruby treats ? and ! as actual characters in a method name. respond_to and respond_to? are different. ? indicates a boolean evaluation (by convention; not strict requirement).
Closures
Ruby doesn't have first-class functions, but it does have closures in the form of blocks , procs and lambdas
UE Resources
Book recommendations from Sivers
https://www.manning.com/books/the-well-grounded-rubyist Learn to program - Chris Pine Eloquent Ruby
Children